khāriq al-ʿāda (extraordinary act) — khāriq al-ʿāda is the general class of events breaking the customary course; the miracle is the one put forward under prophetic challenge.
karāma (charismatic grace) — the same extraordinary effect is a miracle within the station of challenge and a karāma outside it.
General Technical Meaning
A muʿjiza is an extraordinary act joined to a claim of prophethood and intended to manifest the truthfulness of the claimant.
In ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī’s Works
In the reviewed al-Manāmāt account, ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī uses muʿjiza for an extraordinary act manifested by a messenger under challenge, indicating the messenger's connection with the higher world. Its non-defeat in that challenge is part of the stated characterization; the term should not be extended automatically to every extraordinary phenomenon.
Source: Risālat al-Manāmāt wa-l-Nubuwwāt
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